Everything about Banu Ifran totally explained
Banu Ifran, a
Berber tribe prominent in the affairs of northern
Morocco and western
Algeria from the 8th to 11th centuries.
History
They were one of the four major tribes of the
Zenata(Getule) confederation. Their name probably derives from
ifri, a
Berber word meaning
cave. It has been suggested they were originally
troglodytes. Another possibility is that their name relates to one of the major gods of the pagan
Berbers, Ifrou (with a similar derivation of his name).
They first come to notice when their chief
Abu Qurra rebuilt the city of
Tlemcen in
Algeria in 765, formerly it was a Roman city named Pomaria. They opposed the Egyptian
Fatimid Caliphate, aligning themselves with the
Maghrawa tribe and the
Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba, although they themselves became
Kharijites. Led by
Abu Yazid, they surged east and attacked
Kairouan in 945. Another leader,
Ya'la ibn Muhammad captured
Oran and constructed a new capital, Ifgan, near
Mascara. The Fatimids struck back hard. Their able general
Jawhar killed
Ya'la in battle in 954 and destroyed Ifgan, and for some time afterwards the Banu Ifran reverted to being scattered nomads in perpetual competition with their
Sanhaja neighbours. Some went to Spain, where they settled in
Malaga and other places. Others, led by Hammama, managed to gain control of the Moroccan province of
Tadla. Later, led by Abu al-Kamāl, they established a new capital at
Salé on the Atlantic coast. During this period they began conflict with the
Barghawata tribes on the seabord.
During the 11th century the Banu Ifran contested with the
Maghrawa tribe for the sovereignty over the former
Idrisid Kingdom of
Fes. Ya'la's son Yaddū took
Fes by surprise in January 993 and held it for some months until the
Maghrawa ruler
Ziri ibn Atiyya returned from Spain and regained control after some bloody battles.
In May or June of 1033,
Fes was recaptured by Ya'la's grandson Tamīm. Fanatically devoted to religion, but at the same time 'ignorant', he began a persecution all people,he began a persecution of the Jews Berber
(External Link
), and is said to have killed 6000 of their men while confiscating their wealth and women . Sometime in the period 1038-1040 the
Maghrawa tribe retook
Fes, forcing Tamīm to flee to
Salé.
Soon after that time, the
Almoravids began their rise to power and effectively eliminated both the Banu Ifran and their brother-rivals the
Maghrawa.
Etymolgy
The Banou Ifren or Ifren in Arabic أَو يفرن, أو إفوراقس, أو إفوراغس, أو إفورن Amazigh tribe from
Africa and
Maghreb (
Algeria,
Tunisia,
Marocco and
Lybie) and possibly Berber tribe that gave Ihag'garen and Iasgueren, etc..
Ifren was a king Berber. All kings Berbers of Numidia eventually have "n" at last name as Medghassen in
Batna in the
Aurès. Msnsn (Masinissa), Mkwsn (Micipsa), Ygwrtn Jughurta, Ifren, Ygmrsn (yaghmorasen) Maghrawa, Mdghasen, etc..
(External Link)
The tribe Ifren or Ifrinidi or Iforen or (Ifuraces or Afar in Latin) or Fren or Wafren or Yefren or Yafren or Yafran, it's same name (Ifri's soon) (the bin was added by the Arab writers, they said ben ifren or Ifrinide, ifren : means
Zenata language cave in the singular.
Ifren's brother Maghra (Maghraoua) and Irnyan, all descended from Isliten. They are
Zenata. The Banou Ifren is a nomadic Berber tribe. We can found them in the plains and in the mountains in the Middle Ages.
Ibn Khaldun, Mokadima
The name of the African continent, formerly Ifriquia (currently Tunisia), derives from the word Ifri (a cave) and Ifren (a cave in Berber language). As a result, Africa will be the name of the entire African continent.
(External Link)
It was a warrior tribe Amazigh, experts cavalry mostly they'd the Barbe (horse). Before the arrival Muslim's army, Ifrinides or Ait Ifren expelled Franks (Romain and Banzantin) according Ibn Khaldoun who wanted to occupy North Africa.
But according Corripus in
Johannide (External Link), at the time of John Troglita at the reign of
Justinian between 547 and 550, The Beni Ifren (IFOREN) made war to Byzantin. Corripus, la Johannide
Africa's name derives from the name of Ifren
(External Link)(External Link)
Religion
Before Islam
Like
Zenata, animism was the principale spirtitual philosophy inspiration of this big tribe. Some people of
Zenata was like Queen Judith
Kahina (External Link) (External Link)(She is Zenata jews). But there's historians who they say
Kahina was chritian Gabriel Camps, Berber encyclopaedia .
Kahina called his son Ifran. And few of them was christian.
When Arab army attack Maghreb. the Ben Ifren were the first tribe to defend their Queen
Kahina.
(External Link)
During Islam
Ben Ifren was opposed to Arab army (sunnit and chite). They choise Kharidjit mouvement.
Ibn Khaldun say:
Zenata people say we're muslman but they still opposed to Arab army.
The prinipale leaders of Ifren were all time opposed to Arab army (
Abu Qurra,
Abou Yazid, etc)
Further Information
Get more info on 'Banu Ifran'.
|
External Link Exchanges
Do you know how hard it is to get a link from a large encyclopaedia? Well we're different and will prove it. To get a link from us just add the following HTML to your site on a relevant page:
<a href="http://banu_ifran.totallyexplained.com">Banu Ifran Totally Explained</a>
Then simply click through this link from your web page. Our crawlers will verify your link, extract the title of your web page and instantly add a link back to it. If you like you can remove the words Totally Explained and embed the link in article text.
As long as your link remains in place, we'll keep our link to you right here. Please play fair - our crawlers are watching. Your site must be closely related to this one's topic. Any kind of spamming, dubious practises or removing the link will result in your link from us being dropped and, potentially, your whole site being banned. |
